Research on the Usage Possibilities of Gibberellic Acid (GA₃) Application in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Breeding

Ayşe Nuran ÇİL

doi:10.54498/ETBD.2025.46

Ayşe Nuran ÇİL, Abdullah Çil, Hatice Hızlı

Year : 2025
Vol : 5
Issue : 2
Page : 104-116

DOI : 10.54498/ETBD.2025.46

This study was conducted to determine the effects of different gibberellic acid (GA₃) concentrations, application doses, and application timings on key morphological and phenological traits of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Four yield-related traits were examined: plant height, head diameter, fertilization rate, and flowering time. The experiment was established as a randomized complete block design with three replications. Six GA₃ concentrations (0, 45, 60, 75, 100, and 200 mg L⁻¹), three application doses per plant (5, 7.5, and 10 mL plant⁻¹), and three application timings (47th, 50th, and 53rd day) were evaluated. GA₃ solutions were prepared using distilled water, and applications were carried out by spraying. According to the results, GA₃ applications had a statistically significant and positive effect on plant height; particularly, GA₃ applied within the 75–200 mg L⁻¹ range caused a marked increase in plant height. In contrast, GA₃ applications reduced head diameter, and the highest head diameter was obtained from the control treatment. In terms of fertilization rate, moderate GA₃ applications (45–75 mg L⁻¹) produced favorable outcomes, whereas higher concentrations decreased the fertilization rate. Flowering time generally shortened with GA₃ applications, and especially the 60–75 mg L⁻¹ levels promoted earlier flowering. Overall, the findings indicate that while GA₃ enhances vegetative growth in sunflower, it may exert bidirectional effects on generative traits. Applying the optimum GA₃ level at the appropriate dose and timing may contribute to improving yield-related parameters. This study provides important scientific information for the effective use of plant growth regulators in sunflower cultivation.

Cite this Article As : Çil, A., Çil, A. N., & Hızlı, H. (2025). Giberellik asit (GA₃) uygulamasının ayçiçeği (Helianthus annuus L.) ıslahında kullanım imkânlarının araştırılması. Ereğli Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(2), 104-116.

Description : Yazarların hiçbiri, bu makalede bahsedilen herhangi bir ürün, aygıt veya ilaç ile ilgili maddi çıkar ilişkisine sahip değildir. Araştırma, herhangi bir dış organizasyon tarafından desteklenmedi.Yazarlar çalışmanın birincil verilerine tam erişim izni vermek ve derginin talep ettiği takdirde verileri incelemesine izin vermeyi kabul etmektedirler. None of the authors, any product mentioned in this article, does not have a material interest in the device or drug. Research, not supported by any external organization. grant full access to the primary data and, if requested by the magazine they agree to allow the examination of data.

Research on the Usage Possibilities of Gibberellic Acid (GA₃) Application in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Breeding, Research Article,
2025, Vol. 5 (2)

Received : 07.11.2025, Accepted : 28.12.2025 , Published Online : 30.12.2025